日本の火山 > 第四紀火山 > 個別火山
Volcanoes of Japan > Quaternary Volcanoes > Individual Volcano
伊豆大島 ________ Izu Oshima
火山番号 | G01 |
火 山 名 | 伊豆大島 |
読 み | いずおおしま |
地 域 | 伊豆・小笠原諸島 |
旧番号(第四紀火山DB)* | 157 |
火山番号 ** | G01 |
凡例記号 ** | Q3b |
主な活動期 | 後期更新世 - 完新世 |
活動年代・最新活動年 *** | 約4-3万年前以降。最新の噴火:1990年 |
火山の型式・構造 | 複成火山-カルデラ、火砕丘、溶岩流および小型楯状火山 |
卓越する岩質 | 苦鉄質 |
主な岩石 **** | 玄武岩、安山岩 |
所 在 地(都道府県) | 東京都 (伊豆諸島): 地理院地図(GSI Maps) |
1/20万地勢図(国土地理院) | 横須賀 |
1/5万地形図(国土地理院) | 大島 |
1/2.5万地形図(国土地理院) | 大島北部、大島南部 |
標 高 | 三原新山(みはらしんざん)、764 m |
北 緯(世界測地系) | 34° 43′ 28″ |
東 経(世界測地系) | 139° 23′ 41″ |
気象庁による活火山名 | 伊豆大島 最近の火山活動状況(伊豆大島) |
災害・噴火記録 † | 1.8 千年前 噴火 (O2):スコリア降下、 山腹噴火 1939年9月 小規模ストロンボリ式噴火 |
火山の概要・補足事項 | 伊豆大島火山の下位には時代未詳の筆島火山、岡田火山および行者窟火山がある。 |
Volcano No. | G01 |
Volcano name | Izu Oshima |
Volcano No. ** | G01 |
Geologic code ** | Q3b |
Main activity period | Late Pleistocene - Holocene |
Activity period / recent activity *** | From 40,000 or 30,000 yBP. Latest eruption: AD 1990 |
Volcano type | Composite (compound) volcano - Caldera, Pyroclastic cone, Lava flow |
Representative rock type | Mafic |
Main rock type **** | Basalt, Andesite |
Height above sea level | 764 m (Mihara Shinzan) |
Location (Prefecture) | TOKYO (IZU ISLANDS) |
1:200,000 map (GSI) | YOKOSUKA |
1:50,000 map (GSI) | OSHIMA |
1:25,000 map (GSI) | OSHIMA HOKUBU, OSHIMA NANBU |
N. Latitude (WGS84) | 34.7244 |
E. Longitude (WGS84) | 139.3947 |
Active volcano name by JMA | Izu-Oshima |
Record of eruption & disaster † | 1.8 Ka: Eruptive activity (O2): Scoria fallout. Flank eruptions. 1.7 Ka: Eruptive activity (O1): Scoria fallout. Flank eruptions. 5th-7th century?: Eruptive activity (S2): Scoria fallout, pyroclastic flows and lava flows. Flank eruptions. 7th century?: Eruptive activity (S'): Scoria and ash fallout. 7th century: Eruptive activity (S1): Scoria and ash fallout. 8th century: Eruptive activity (N4): Scoria fallout, ash fallout and lava flow.Flank eruptions. 856?: Eruptive activity (N3): Scoria and ash fallout. Flank eruptions. Tuff cone formed. 10th century?: Eruptive activity (N2): Scoria and ash fallout. 1112?: Eruptive activity (N1): Scoria fallout, ash fallout and lava flows. Flank eruptions. 13th century?: Eruptive activity (Y6): Sscoria and ash fallout. 1338?: Eruptive activity (Y5): Scoria fallout, ash fallout and lava flows. Flank eruptions. 1421?: Eruptive acitivities (Y4): Scoria fallout and lava flows. Flank eruptions. Tuff cone formed. 1552?: Eruptive acitivities (Y3): Scoria fallout, ash fallout and lava flows. 1684-1690: Eruptive activity (Y2): Scoria fallout, ash fallout and lava flows. 1777-1792: Major eruptive activity (Y1): Scoria fallout, ash fallout and lava flows (An'ei Eruption: 1777 - 1779). 14 Nov 1803: Eruptive activity: Ash fallout. 1822-1824: Eruptive activity: Ash fallout. 1827: Eruptive activity. 1837-1838: Eruptive activity: Ash fallout. 1846: Eruptive activity: Ash fallout. 1870: Eruptive activity: Ash fallout. 27 Dec 1876-Feb 1877: Strombolian eruptions: Scoria cone formed (Nauman-oka). Feb-Jun 1912: Strombolian eruptions: Lava flows. Scoria cone formed (Nakamura-yama). Sep and Oct 1912: Strombolian eruptions: Lava flows. Scoria cone formed (Omori-yama). 15-26 May 1914: Strombolian eruptions: Lava flows. Scoria cone formed (Nauman-oka, Nakamura-yama, Omori-yama buried). Oct 1915: Eruptive activity: Dark ash cloud. May-Dec 1919: Strombolian eruptions: Scoria cone formed and collapsed. Dec 1922-Jan 1923: Strombolian eruptions: Lava flow. Scoria cone formed. Oct, Nov 1933: Strombolian eruptions: Minor lava flow. Scoria cone formed. Apr 1934: Eruptive activity: Dark ash cloud. Apr 1935: Strombolian eruptions: Lava flows. Scoria cone formed. Aug 1938: Strombolian eruptions: Lava flows. Scoria cone formed. Jan, Feb, Jun-Aug 1939: Eruptive activity: Ash cloud and ash fallout. Sep 1939: Minor Strombolian eruption. Aug 1940: Strombolian eruption: Dark ash cloud. Scoria fallout. 16 Jul-28 Sep 1950: Strombolian eruptions: Lava flows. Scoria cone formed. 4 Feb-early Apr 1951: Strombolian eruptions: Lava flow. Scoria cone formed. 16 Apr-end of Jun 1951: Strombolian eruptions: Lava flow, scoria fall and dark ash cloud. Ash fallout. Scoria cone formed. Pit crater formed. Oct 1953-Feb 1954: Strombolian eruptions: Lava flows. Scoria cone formed. 1954-1973: Frequent eruptive activity: 1 fatality in 1958. From Feb 1974 for 4 months: Minor Strombolian eruptions: Scoria fallout. 15-23 Nov 1986: Strombolian eruption at summit crater (Crater A) accompanied by lava flow. 21-23 Nov 1986: Subplinian eruption at flank of volcano (Craters B and C). Inhabitants (ca. 10,000 people) of the island were evacuated to the mainland. 18 Dec 1986: Strombolian eruption: Crater A. 16 and 18 Nov 1987: Eruptive activity: Crater A: Ash fallout. A pit crater formed. 25 and 27 Jan 1988: Minor eruption at crater A. 4 Oct 1990: Minor eruption at crater A: Ash fallout. A pit crater formed. 16 Oct 2013: Slope failure and flood flow by local heavy rainfall with a typhoon. 39 fatality and missing. |
Additional comments |
*:2000年から2013年まで公開されていた「日本の第四紀火山」(産総研の研究情報公開データベース「RIO-DB」、2013年廃止)の火山番号。
**:「日本の火山(第3版)」(2013年発行)に基づく。Based on "Volcanoes of Japan (Third Edition)" issued in May, 2013.
***:最新活動年は2020年末現在。Latest eruption as of the end of AD 2020.
**** :安山岩には玄武岩質安山岩を含む。"Andesite" in this page includes "basaltic andesite". Basaltic andesite, SiO2=52-57 wt.%; Andesite, SiO2=57-63 wt.% (Le Maitre et al., 2002).
† :原則として古文書記録に基づき、地質学的研究で見つかった記録は含まない。Documented records as a principle.