Igneous rocks
1994 recommended or preferable (with asterisks)
values for major, minor and trace elements
in five GSJ reference samples, (in % from SiO2 to T-Fe2O3 and µg g-1 from Ag to Zr, unless otherwise noted)
N. Imai et al. (1995) Geostandards Newsletter, 19, 135-213.
Average, Standard deviation and number of measurement (SiO2 to T-Fe2O3, Ag to Zr:JA-1, 2, 3, JB-1, 1a, 2, 3, JF-1,2, JG-1, 1a, 2, 3, JGb-1, JR-1, 2)
JA-1 | JA-2 | JA-3 | JB-1 | JB-1a | JB-2 | JB-3 | JF-1 | JF-2 | JG-1 | JG-1a | JG-2 | JG-3 | JGb-1 | JP-1 | JR-1 | JR-2 | |
SiO2 | 63.97 | 56.42 | 62.27 | 52.37 | 52.41 | 53.25 | 50.96 | 66.69 | 65.3 | 72.3 | 72.3 | 76.83 | 67.29 | 43.66 | 42.38 | 75.45 | 75.69 |
TiO2 | 0.85 | 0.66 | 0.7 | 1.32 | 1.28 | 1.19 | 1.44 | 0.005 | 0.005 | 0.26 | 0.25 | 0.044 | 0.48 | 1.6 | 0.006* | 0.11 | 0.07 |
Al2O3 | 15.22 | 15.41 | 15.56 | 14.53 | 14.45 | 14.64 | 17.2 | 18.08 | 18.52 | 14.24 | 14.3 | 12.47 | 15.48 | 17.49 | 0.66 | 12.83 | 12.72 |
Fe2O3 | 2.59 | 2.16 | 1.15 | 2.33 | 2.55 | 3.33 | 3.2 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.38 | 0.51 | 0.33 | 1.62 | 4.79 | 1.98 | 0.35 | 0.27 |
FeO | 3.98 | 3.69 | 4.83 | 5.99 | 5.78 | 9.98 | 7.85 | <0.04* | <0.03* | 1.61 | 1.36 | 0.57 | 1.83 | 9.43 | 5.99 | 0.49 | 0.44 |
MnO | 0.157 | 0.108 | 0.104 | 0.153 | 0.148 | 0.218 | 0.177 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.063 | 0.057 | 0.016 | 0.071 | 0.189 | 0.121 | 0.099 | 0.112 |
MgO | 1.57 | 7.6 | 3.72 | 7.71 | 7.83 | 4.62 | 5.19 | 0.006 | 0.004* | 0.74 | 0.69 | 0.037 | 1.79 | 7.85 | 44.6 | 0.12 | 0.04 |
CaO | 5.7 | 6.29 | 6.24 | 9.25 | 9.31 | 9.82 | 9.79 | 0.93 | 0.09 | 2.2 | 2.13 | 0.7 | 3.69 | 11.9 | 0.55 | 0.67 | 0.5 |
Na2O | 3.84 | 3.11 | 3.19 | 2.77 | 2.73 | 2.04 | 2.73 | 3.37 | 2.39 | 3.38 | 3.39 | 3.54 | 3.96 | 1.2 | 0.021 | 4.02 | 3.99 |
K2O | 0.77 | 1.81 | 1.41 | 1.43 | 1.4 | 0.42 | 0.78 | 9.99 | 12.94 | 3.98 | 3.96 | 4.71 | 2.64 | 0.24 | 0.003 | 4.41 | 4.45 |
P2O5 | 0.165 | 0.146 | 0.116 | 0.255 | 0.26 | 0.101 | 0.294 | 0.01 | 0.003* | 0.099 | 0.083 | 0.002 | 0.122 | 0.056 | 0.002* | 0.021 | 0.012 |
H20+ | 0.72 | 1.12 | 0.2 | 1.02 | 0.92 | 0.25 | 0.18 | 0.23 | 0.24 | 0.54 | 0.59 | 0.33 | 0.67 | 1.28 | 2.39 | 1.16 | 1.19 |
H2O- | 0.3 | 1.25 | 0.11 | 0.95 | 0.92 | 0.13 | 0.07 | 0.13 | 0.18 | 0.07 | 0.12 | 0.12 | 0.17 | 0.13 | 0.44 | 0.2 | 0.22 |
T-Fe2O3 | 7.07 | 6.21 | 6.6 | 8.99 | 9.05 | 14.25 | 11.82 | 0.08 | 0.06 | 2.18 | 2 | 0.97 | 3.69 | 15.06 | 8.37 | 0.89 | 0.77 |
JA-1 | JA-2 | JA-3 | JB-1 | JB-1a | JB-2 | JB-3 | JF-1 | JF-2 | JG-1 | JG-1a | JG-2 | JG-3 | JGb-1 | JP-1 | JR-1 | JR-2 | |
Ag | 0.033 * | 0.043 * | 0.084 | 0.049 | 0.041 * | 0.072 * | 0.075 | 0.017 * | 0.019 * | 0.034 | 0.023 * | 0.019 * | 0.029 * | 0.024 * | 1.5 * | 0.031 * | 0.028 * |
Al (%) | 8.06 | 8.16 | 8.23 | 7.69 | 7.65 | 7.75 | 9.1 | 9.57 | 9.8 | 7.54 | 7.57 | 6.6 | 8.19 | 9.26 | 0.35 | 6.79 | 6.73 |
As | 2.78 | 0.85 * | 4.68 * | 2.33 | 2.3 | 2.87 | 1.84 | 0.92 * | 0.28* | 0.33 | 0.43 * | 0.68 * | 0.37 * | 1.09 | 0.34 | 16.3 | 19.2 |
Au (ppb) | 0.16 | 0.26 | 0.95 * | 0.79 | 0.71 | 5.64 | 1.99 | 0.11 * | 0.12 * | 0.11 | 0.21 | 0.059 * | 0.17 | 1.02 | 0.23 * | 0.25 | 0.13 |
B | 21 | 20.7 | 24.8 | 9.35 * | 7.88 | 30.2 | 18 | 1.8 * | 1.6 * | 6.87 | 3.95 | 1.78 * | 2.15 * | 4.03 | 1.4 * | 117 | 145 |
Ba | 311 | 321 | 323 | 493 | 504 | 222 | 245 | 1750 | 298 | 466 | 470 | 81 | 466 | 64.3 | 19.5 | 50.3 | 39.5 |
Be | 0.5 | 2.05 | 0.8 | 1.33 | 1.44 | 0.26 * | 0.81 | 1.3 * | 0.77 * | 3.15 | 3.16 | 3.26 | 1.60 * | 0.34 * | <0.1 * | 3.34 | 3.75 |
Bi | 0.0091 * | 0.07 * | 0.05 * | 0.033 | 0.033 * | 0.023 * | 0.5 | 0.43 * | 0.64 * | 0.05 * | 0.014 * | 0.56 | 0.62 | ||||
Br | 0.58 * | 0.068 * | 6 * | ||||||||||||||
C | 271 * | 141 * | 61 * | 470 * | 312 * | 218 * | 120 * | <20 * | 38 * | 216 * | 295 * | 35 * | 120 * | 300 * | 764 * | 70.8 | 63 * |
Ca (%) | 4.07 | 4.5 | 4.46 | 6.61 | 6.65 | 7.02 | 7 | 0.66 | 0.06 | 1.57 | 1.52 | 0.5 | 2.64 | 8.5 | 0.39 | 0.48 | 0.36 |
Cd | 0.11 | 0.078 * | 0.089* | 0.11 | 0.1 | 0.14 | 0.081 | 0.003 * | 0.003 * | 0.04 | 0.026 * | 0.004 * | 0.054 * | 0.087 | 0.011 * | 0.026 | 0.023 |
Ce | 13.3 | 32.7 | 22.8 | 67.8 | 65.9 | 6.76 | 21.5 | 4.19 | 0.84 | 45.8 | 45 | 48.3 | 40.3 | 8.17 | 0.19 * | 47.2 | 38.8 |
Cl | 43 | 176 | 171 * | 281 | 259 * | 58.1 | 65 * | 156 * | 81 * | 97 * | 920 | 736 * | |||||
Co | 12.3 | 29.5 | 21.1 | 38.2 | 38.6 | 38 | 34.3 | 0.12 | 0.68 | 4.06 | 5.9 | 3.62 | 11.7 | 60.1 | 116 | 0.83 | 0.46 |
Cr | 7.83 | 436 | 66.2 | 425 | 392 | 28.1 | 58.1 | 5.48 | 2.47 * | 53.2 | 17.6 | 6.37 | 22.4 | 57.8 | 2807 | 2.83 | 3.1 |
Cs | 0.62 | 4.63 | 2.08 | 1.23 | 1.31 | 0.85 | 0.94 | 2.09 | 1.06 | 10.1 | 10.6 | 6.79 | 1.78 | 0.26 | 0.15 * | 20.8 | 25 |
Cu | 43 | 29.7 | 43.4 | 55.1 | 56.7 | 225 | 194 | 0.82 | 0.78 | 2.52 | 1.67 | 0.49 | 6.81 | 85.7 | 6.72 | 2.68 | 1.36 |
Dy | 4.55 | 2.8 | 3.01 | 4.14 | 3.99 | 3.73 | 4.54 | 0.39 | 0.036 * | 4.14 | 4.44 | 10.5 | 2.59 | 1.56 | 0.022 * | 5.69 | 6.63 |
Er | 3.04 | 1.48 | 1.57 | 2.27 | 2.18 | 2.6 | 2.49 | 0.31 | 0.034 * | 2.16 | 2.57 | 6.04 | 1.52 | 1.04 | 0.016 * | 3.61 | 4.36 |
Eu | 1.2 | 0.93 | 0.82 | 1.49 | 1.46 | 0.86 | 1.32 | 0.87 | 0.59 | 0.73 | 0.7 | 0.1 | 0.9 | 0.62 | 0.004 * | 0.3 | 0.14 |
F | 161 | 223 * | 286* | 385 | 357 | 98.5 | 253 | 78 * | 16 * | 498 | 439 | 972 * | 317 * | 133 | 14 * | 991 | 1109 |
Fe (%) | 4.95 | 4.34 | 4.62 | 6.29 | 6.33 | 9.97 | 8.27 | 0.06 | 0.04 | 1.52 | 1.4 | 0.68 | 2.58 | 10.53 | 5.85 | 0.62 | 0.54 |
Ga | 16.7 | 16.9 | 16.3 | 17.9 | 17.9 | 17 | 19.8 | 17.4 | 17.9 | 17.8 | 16.5 | 18.6 | 17.1 | 17.9 | 0.70 * | 16.1 | 17.9 |
Gd | 4.36 | 3.06 | 2.96 | 4.9 | 4.67 | 3.28 | 4.67 | 0.93 | 0.072 * | 4.28 | 4.08 | 8.01 | 2.92 | 1.61 | 0.015 * | 5.06 | 5.83 |
Ge | 1.33 | 1.05 * | 0.9 | 1.02 * | 1.35 | 1.12 | 1.44 | 1.5 * | 1.70 * | 1.06 * | 1.01 | 0.49 * | 1.88 | 1.88 * | |||
Hf | 2.42 | 2.86 | 3.42 | 3.31 | 3.41 | 1.49 | 2.67 | 1.18 | 0.19 | 3.56 | 3.59 | 4.73 | 4.29 | 0.88 | 0.2 | 4.51 | 5.14 |
Hg (ppb) | 11.7 * | 1.8 * | 1.9 * | 29.9 | 6.65 * | 4.78 | 2.4 * | 1.6 * | 1.7 * | 16.5 | 4.1 * | 3.3 * | 2.4 * | 4.2 * | 5.3 * | 3.4 * | 0.9 * |
Ho | 0.95 | 0.5 | 0.51 | 0.79 | 0.71 | 0.75 | 0.8 | 0.11 | 0.021 * | 0.81 | 0.82 | 1.67 | 0.38 | 0.33 | 0.018 * | 1.11 | 1.39 |
I | 0.015 * | 0.005 * | 0.030 * | 0.021 * | 0.049 * | 0.028 * | 0.012 * | 0.080 * | 0.067 * | ||||||||
In | 0.0494 * | 0.058* | 0.057 * | 0.094 | 0.069 * | 0.044 * | 0.025 * | 0.021 * | 0.028 * | ||||||||
Ir (ppb) | 0.0028 * | 0.013 * | 0.014 * | 0.023 * | 0.037 * | 0.0040 * | 0.0016 * | 2.0 * | 0.0022 * | ||||||||
K (%) | 0.64 | 1.5 | 1.17 | 1.19 | 1.16 | 0.35 | 0.65 | 8.29 | 10.74 | 3.3 | 3.29 | 3.91 | 2.19 | 0.2 | 0.002 | 3.66 | 3.69 |
La | 5.24 | 15.8 | 9.33 | 38.6 | 37.6 | 2.35 | 8.81 | 2.8 | 0.63 | 22.4 | 21.3 | 19.9 | 20.6 | 3.6 | 0.084 | 19.7 | 16.3 |
Li | 10.8 | 27.3 | 14.5 | 11.5 | 10.9 | 7.78 | 7.21 | 9.81 | 2.19 | 86.6 | 79.5 | 42.2 | 20.9 | 4.59 | 1.79 * | 61.4 | 79.2 |
Lu | 0.47 | 0.27 | 0.32 | 0.31 | 0.33 | 0.4 | 0.39 | 0.053 | 0.02 | 0.39 | 0.44 | 1.22 | 0.26 | 0.15 | 0.0044 * | 0.71 | 0.88 |
Mg (%) | 0.95 | 4.58 | 2.24 | 4.65 | 4.72 | 2.79 | 3.13 | 0.004 | 0.45 | 0.42 | 0.02 | 1.08 | 4.73 | 26.9 | 0.07 | 0.02 | |
Mn (%) | 0.122 | 0.084 | 0.081 | 0.118 | 0.115 | 0.169 | 0.137 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.049 | 0.044 | 0.012 | 0.055 | 0.146 | 0.094 | 0.077 | 0.087 |
Mo | 1.59 | 0.6 | 1.89 | 27.4 * | 1.57 | 1.08 | 1.09 | 0.30 * | 0.21 * | 1.75 | 0.45 | 0.37 | 0.45 | 0.59 | 0.087 * | 3.25 | 3.35 |
Na (%) | 2.85 | 2.31 | 2.37 | 2.05 | 2.03 | 1.51 | 2.03 | 2.5 | 1.77 | 2.51 | 2.51 | 2.63 | 2.94 | 0.89 | 0.02 | 2.98 | 2.96 |
Nb | 1.85 | 9.47 | 3.41 | 33.3 | 26.9 | 1.58 * | 2.47 | 0.74 | 0.7 | 12.4 | 11.4 | 14.7 | 5.88 | 3.34 | 1.48 | 15.2 | 18.7 |
Nd | 10.9 | 13.9 | 12.3 | 26.8 | 26 | 6.63 | 15.6 | 1.46 | 0.33 * | 19.3 | 20.4 | 26.4 | 17.2 | 5.47 | 0.072 * | 23.3 | 20.4 |
Ni | 3.49 * | 130 | 32.2 | 133 | 139 | 16.6 | 36.2 | 1.36 * | 1.38 * | 7.47 | 6.91 | 4.35 * | 14.3 | 25.4 | 2460 | 1.67 * | 1.99 * |
Os (ppb) | 7.9 * | ||||||||||||||||
P (%) | 0.072 | 0.064 | 0.051 | 0.111 | 0.11 | 0.044 | 0.128 | 0.004 | 0.043 | 0.036 | 0.001 | 0.053 | 0.024 | 0.009 | 0.005 | ||
Pb | 6.55 | 19.2 | 7.7 | 10.0 * | 6.76 | 5.36 | 5.58 | 33.4 | 48.7 | 25.4 | 26.4 | 31.5 | 11.7 | 1.92 | 0.12 * | 19.3 | 21.5 |
Pd (ppb) | <0.2 * | 0.5 * | 1.0 * | 0.7 * | 0.6 * | 6.3 * | 3.2 * | <0.2 * | <0.2 * | <0.2 * | <0.2 * | <0.2 * | <0.2 * | 0.18 * | 1.3 * | <0.2 * | <0.2 * |
Pr | 1.71 | 3.84 | 2.4 | 7.01 | 7.3 | 1.01 | 3.11 | 0.48 | 0.088 * | 4.83 | 5.63 | 6.2 | 4.7 | 1.13 | 0.020 * | 5.58 | 4.75 |
Pt (ppb) | 0.5 * | 1.3 * | 1.7 * | 1.6 * | 1.6 * | 4.0 * | 4.3 * | <0.5 * | <0.5 * | <0.5 * | <0.5 * | <0.5 * | <0.5 * | <0.5 * | 4.9 * | <0.5 * | <0.5 * |
Ra (ppt) | 0.72 * | 1.24 * | |||||||||||||||
Rb | 12.3 | 72.9 | 36.7 | 41.3 | 39.2 | 7.37 | 15.1 | 266 | 218 | 182 | 178 | 301 | 67.3 | 6.87 | 0.80 * | 257 | 303 |
Re (ppb) | 0.45 * | 0.063 * | 0.65 * | 0.18 * | 0.38 * | 0.24 * | 0.098 * | 0.015 * | 0.016 * | 0.033 * | 0.27 * | 0.015 * | 0.046 * | 0.023 * | |||
Rh | |||||||||||||||||
Ru (ppb) | 6.5 * | ||||||||||||||||
S | 21.6 | 8 * | 214 * | 19.4 | 10.2 * | 17.9 | 9.86 | <5 * | 2.8 * | 10.9 | 11 * | 7.0 * | 54.7 * | 1910 | 26.9 * | 13.3 | 9.6 * |
Sb | 0.22 | 0.14 * | 0.32 * | 0.28 | 0.25 * | 0.25 | 0.12 | 0.055 * | 0.04 * | 0.13 | 0.048 * | 0.057 * | 0.08 * | 0.085 * | 0.034 * | 1.19 | 1.51 |
Sc | 28.5 | 19.6 | 22 | 27.5 | 27.9 | 53.5 | 33.8 | 0.23 | 0.089 | 6.53 | 6.21 | 2.42 | 8.76 | 35.8 | 7.24 | 5.07 | 5.59 |
Se | 0.0088 * | 0.023 | 0.021 * | 0.19 * | 0.069 * | 0.003 | 0.15 * | 0.006 * | 0.0028 * | ||||||||
Si (%) | 29.9 | 26.37 | 29.11 | 24.48 | 24.5 | 24.89 | 23.82 | 31.17 | 30.52 | 33.8 | 33.8 | 35.91 | 31.45 | 20.41 | 19.81 | 35.27 | 35.38 |
Sm | 3.52 | 3.11 | 3.05 | 5.13 | 5.07 | 2.31 | 4.27 | 0.41 | 0.11 | 4.62 | 4.53 | 7.78 | 3.39 | 1.49 | 0.019 | 6.03 | 5.63 |
Sn | 1.16 * | 1.68 | 0.95 * | 1.92 | 2.24 | 0.95 | 0.94 | 0.3 * | 0.13 * | 3.6 | 4.47 | 3 | 1.4 | 0.48 | 0.05 * | 2.86 | 3.51 |
Sr | 263 | 248 | 287 | 444 | 442 | 178 | 403 | 172 | 200 | 184 | 187 | 17.9 | 379 | 327 | 3.32 * | 29.1 | 8.11 |
Ta | 0.13 | 0.8 | 0.27 | 2.93 | 1.93 | 0.13 | 0.15 | 0.079 | 0.045 * | 1.79 | 1.9 | 2.76 | 0.7 | 0.18 | 0.02 * | 1.86 | 2.29 |
Tb | 0.75 | 0.44 | 0.52 | 0.82 | 0.69 | 0.6 | 0.73 | 0.076 | 0.009 * | 0.78 | 0.81 | 1.62 | 0.46 | 0.29 | 0.003 * | 1.01 | 1.1 |
Te | |||||||||||||||||
Th | 0.82 | 5.03 | 3.25 | 9.3 | 9.03 | 0.35 | 1.27 | 1.17 | 0.31 | 13.2 | 12.8 | 31.6 | 8.28 | 0.48 | 0.19 | 26.7 | 31.4 |
Ti (%) | 0.51 | 0.4 | 0.42 | 0.79 | 0.77 | 0.71 | 0.86 | 0.003 | 0.003 | 0.16 | 0.15 | 0.026 | 0.29 | 0.96 | 0.066 | 0.04 | |
Tl | 0.13 * | 0.32 | 0.23* | 0.1 | 0.087 * | 0.042 * | 0.048 | 1.18 | 1.1 | 1.03 | 0.98 | 1.55 | 0.40 * | 0.066 * | 0.003 * | 1.56 | 1.85 |
Tm | 0.47 | 0.28 | 0.28 * | 0.35 | 0.33 | 0.41 | 0.42 | 0.04 * | 0.05 * | 0.41 | 0.38 | 1.16 | 0.24 | 0.16 | <0.041 * | 0.67 | 0.74 |
U | 0.34 | 2.21 | 1.18 | 1.67 | 1.57 | 0.18 | 0.48 | 0.33 | 0.078 * | 3.47 | 4.69 | 11.3 | 2.21 | 0.13 | 0.036 | 8.88 | 10.9 |
V | 105 | 126 | 169 | 211 | 205 | 575 | 372 | 5.43 | 4.86 | 25.2 | 22.7 | 3.78 | 70.1 | 635 | 27.6 | 7 | 3 |
W | 0.34* | 0.99 * | 8.07 * | 17.1 | 1.83 * | 0.26 * | 1.06 * | 0.8 * | 4.3 * | 1.58 * | 12.4 | 23 | 14.1 * | 0.81 * | 0.85 * | 1.59 | 1.8 * |
Y | 30.6 | 18.3 | 21.2 | 24.3 | 24 | 24.9 | 26.9 | 2.84 | 2.67 | 30.6 | 32.1 | 86.5 | 17.3 | 10.4 | 1.54 | 45.1 | 51.1 |
Yb | 3.03 | 1.62 | 2.16 | 2.13 | 2.1 | 2.62 | 2.55 | 0.35 | 0.045 * | 2.47 | 2.7 | 6.85 | 1.77 | 1.06 | 0.022 | 4.55 | 5.33 |
Zn | 90.9 | 64.7 | 67.7 | 85.2 | 82.1 | 108 | 100 | 4.41 | 1.4 | 41.1 | 36.5 | 13.6 | 46.5 | 109 | 41.8 | 30.6 | 27.8 |
Zr | 88.3 | 116 | 118 | 141 | 144 | 51.2 | 97.8 | 38.6 | 6.73 | 111 | 118 | 97.6 | 144 | 32.8 | 5.92 | 99.9 | 96.3 |